This, in turn, will improve balance and

Paul Sorace, MS, RCEP (cm), CCS

Hackensack University Medical Center P Pathophysiology As we age, we all feel some bone loss over the years. The activity of cells that form bone begins to decline about 35 years. Bone still occurs, but resorption of more formation activity. This will cause a gradual decline (0. 5% -1% per year) bone mineral density (IPC). Reduction of total BMD is called osteopenia. When bone loss becomes so great that minor causes of the fall fractures, osteopenia condition is osteoporosis. Bone Scan (Ie., DEXA) to diagnose osteopenia or osteoporosis. The most common place of hip fracture, the lower (lumbar) spine and wrist. Although people really get osteoporosis is the disease women. There are essentially two types of osteoporosis. Type I usually occurs between the ages of 50-75. Putative mechanism of estrogen deficiency, which usually occurs with menopause. This decrease in estrogen levels leads to accelerated loss of ON. Type II usually occurs after 70 years and seems to be caused primarily vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Risk Factors 1. P P P P P PFemale pm

2. PPPPP PCaucasian \ Asian race

3. PPPPP PPositive family history

4. P P P P P PAdvanced age

5. P P P P P PPremature menopause

6. PPPPP PProlonged premenopausal amenorrhea

7. PPPPP PNulliparity (never bear children)

8. P P P P P Plough weight

9. PPPPP PLack Physical Activity

10. P P P P PChronic smoking

11. PPPP PExcessive alcohol \ caffeine

12. PPPP Plough calcium

effects Exercise While no conclusive evidence that exercise only increase bone mass in patients with osteoporosis, there is considerable evidence that exercise can slow or even stop bone loss with age and may prevent osteopenia become osteoporosis. P

Along with the loss of bone mass over the years, and we lose muscle with age. It accelerated with physical activity. In our muscle tissue decreases, less muscle pulls on our bones and use it or lose it theory holds. Since less strain on bones, our bones lose weight by reducing the need for additional mass. Force (weight) exercises to increase muscle mass, which in turn stimulates our bones to increase or maintain the existing level of the masses. People with osteoporosis often become inactive because of fear of falling and fractures. This highlights the vicious circle. Lack of physical activity accelerates the reduction of bone mass and increased risk of heart disease. Full program of exercises and proper diet can prevent osteopenia osteoporosis become. It can also stop osteoporosis from progressing. There is even some evidence that some people who are on hormone replacement therapy, sustained increase in bone density with exercise. Exercise also condition the heart and lungs to reduce the risk of heart disease. Program Design \ Exercise porn to implement the program should be to increase the IPC during and shortly after bursts of growth, support BMD in adults as well as improve balance promote falls prevention. Thus, fewer cases will be falls, fractures and BMD loss from physical activity. PP

Medical examination by a doctor to clients prior to commencing the program. It should be well balanced and include both aerobic (preferably weight bearing) and weight training exercises. Cardiovascular exercise should be performed at least 3 times a week for at least 20-30 minutes of intensity in their respective areas of training. Treadmill or walk a great mode to use as a weight bearing. Recent studies have shown that walking provides enough incentives for the bone to maintain BMD in some people. With caution should be used but with the treadmill. If a person suffered fractures of the spine in the past, their center of gravity and balance can be changed. Holding the handles or rails can be a good measure of precaution to prevent a possible fall. P

Passive, static and PNF stretching is recommended to maintain and increase joint flexibility and range of motion. Stretching should occur after aerobic warm-up and major joints of the body should be emphasized. Weight Training osteopenia \ osteoporosis works best with a large weight for 8-12 repetitions per set. Exercises should be used, which emphasize the thighs, lower back and torso. Exercises to strengthen the hip and knee extensor hijackers should be included. Increase muscle strength in these areas has been shown to increase lateral stability. This, in turn, will improve balance and reduce the risk of buy lasix generic online falling. Exercises that involve trunk flexion (ie -. AB crunches) should be avoided, as this movement increases the likelihood of wedge compression fractures in the lumbar spine. Exercises that include spinal stability should be used to promote correct posture and spine neutral. It is important to note that strength exercises are performed in a sitting position (except for hip abduction of a person) has little effect on the defense system in the hip (femoral neck). Leg press actually showed that a greater impact on the lumbar spine than the hip. Turn, if possible, lower body exercises in a standing position. Wall squats are a good exercise, because balance is usually maintained. PP

Water exercise, although not as effective on about how weight training and walking, can be used as an alternative. This significantly reduces the risk of falling and is effective for aerobic conditioning, which will reduce the risk of heart disease. .